How To Properly Load A Dishwasher For Best Results

A well-loaded dishwasher not only ensures sparkling clean dishes but also protects your kitchenware and prolongs the life of your machine. While it may seem like a simple chore, improper loading is one of the most common causes of poor cleaning results, lingering food particles, and even long-term appliance wear. Here's a detailed guide to loading your dishwasher the right way — including what goes where, what to leave out, and how to optimize space for best performance.

Top Rack vs. Bottom Rack – What Goes Where?

The top rack is designed for smaller, more delicate items. Place cups, glasses, small bowls, and dishwasher-safe plastics here. Angle cups and bowls downward to avoid water pooling. Mugs and glasses should be spaced out to prevent them from clinking together and cracking during the wash cycle. If your top rack has adjustable tines or a shelf, use it for long utensils like spatulas or ladles. Lightweight plastics should always go on top to prevent melting due to the higher heat near the bottom.

The bottom rack is best suited for larger, heavier items such as plates, pots, pans, and mixing bowls. Place plates between the tines and angle them toward the center where the water spray is strongest. Avoid overlapping or stacking dishes, as this prevents water and detergent from reaching all surfaces. Heavier cookware should also be placed upside down to allow thorough washing and draining.

The Importance Of Spacing

Proper spacing is one of the most critical elements of dishwasher loading. Dishes that are too close together or stacked can block water and detergent from circulating effectively, leading to spots, residue, and stuck-on food. Every item should have enough room for water to flow freely between its surfaces. This may include skipping a tine between items. Overloading your dishwasher might save time upfront, but it usually results in having to rewash several items — wasting both time and energy in the long run.

Avoid Water Pooling – Angle Is Key

Some dishes, like bowls or mugs with deep interiors, can trap water during the drying cycle. When water pools, it can lead to spotting and a longer dry time. To avoid this, tilt bowls and cups at an angle whenever possible. This encourages water to run off and ensures they come out dry and spotless. Many modern dishwashers also have specific zones designed for angled placement — take advantage of these if your machine includes them.

What NOT To Put In The Dishwasher

While many kitchen items are dishwasher-safe, several should always be washed by hand to prevent damage:

• Wooden utensils and cutting boards: Dishwashers can crack and warp wood.

• Cast iron pans: These should never be exposed to detergent and moisture for extended periods.

• Nonstick cookware: Harsh detergent and high heat can strip the coating over time.

• Fine china or crystal: These delicate items can chip or fade in the dishwasher.

• Insulated mugs or thermoses: The inner seal can be damaged by hot water and detergent.

• Sharp knives: The dishwasher dulls blades and may damage the knife rack.

Final Tips

By following these tips, you’ll maximize cleaning efficiency, prevent damage to your dishes and machine, and avoid the frustration of re-washing. A little extra effort during loading makes a big difference in the end result.

• Always scrape off large food scraps before loading, but no need to pre-wash.

• Run hot water in your sink before starting the dishwasher to ensure warm water enters the machine immediately.

• Check that the spray arms can rotate freely before closing the door.